maracas 砂植

Describing instruments 描述乐器

There are four sections of instruments in an orchestra: strings, woodwind, brass and percussion.

一个管弦乐队（orchestra)包括四组（section) 乐器：弦乐组（strings)、.木管乐组（woodwind)、 铜管乐组（brass)和打击乐组（percussion)。 Different bands or ensembles can be formed when instruments from the different sections play separately.

不同乐器组分别演奏时可组成不同的乐队或 合奏组（ensemble):

► a brass band铜管乐队

► a wind band 管乐队

► a string quartet弦乐四重奏小组

► a jazz trio爵士乐三重奏小组

Particular adjectives are used before the names of musical instruments to describe the type of instrument it is.

在乐器名称前用特定的形容词表示乐器类型：

► a tenor saxophone次中音萨克斯管

► a bass drum 大鼓

► a classical guitar

People who play instruments

乐器演奏者

Some musical instruments have a special name, ending in -ist or -er for the people who play them.

有些乐器有特定的名称，其后接-ist或-er时， 表示演奏的人：

► The violinist lifted his bow.

小提琴演奏者拿起琴弓。

► the South African drummer, Louis Moholo

南非鼓手路易斯•莫霍洛

Check near the entry for each instrument to find the correct word. If there is no special word, you use player after the name of the instrument.

在相关的乐器词条前后查找正确的词，如果没有 特定名称就在乐器名称后加player:

► the quartet’s vioto piayer四重奏的中提琴演奏者 When talking about pop or jazz, people often use player even when there is a word for the person like saxophonist or bassist.

涉及流行音乐或爵士乐时，即使有萨克斯管吹奏 者（saxophonist)或低音吉他手（bassist)等特定 名称，人们仍常用player:

► a briHicmt young sax pkiyer•才华横溢的青年萨 克斯管吹奏者

► We’re 〖oofcing/or a new basspZayer•我们在物色

新的低音吉他手。

In an orchestra playing classical music, principal, deputy principal {BrE), associate principal {NAmÉ) and assistant principal (NAmÊ)

are used with the names of instruments to describe a player’s position or importance.

在演奏古典f乐的管弦乐队中，首席演奏者 (principal)、副首席演奏者（deputy principal、 associate principal)和首席演奏助理（assistant principal)与乐器養称连用表7TT演奏喜的地位和 重要性：

► He became principal cellist within a few years.

他几年内就成为首席大提琴手。

A person who directs (or conducts) an orchestra is a conductor. The principal violinist (who leads the orchestra) is the leader (er£) or the concertmaster (NAmÈ).

指挥（conduct)管弦乐队知人称作conductor。 首席小提琴手（管弦乐队首席）称作leader或 concertmaster 〇

kettledrum 定音鼓

cymbals 钹

castanets 响板

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GRAMMAR POINT语法说明

The names of instruments can be used like adjectives before other nouns.

乐器名称可作形容词置于其他名词前：

► a darínet Zesson 单簧管课

► Chopin^ Piano Concerto No 1 肖邦的第一钢琴协奏曲

► She's going to do her cello practice.

她要练习大提琴。

People who play instruments

乐器演奏者

Some musical instruments have a special name, ending in -ist or -er for the people who play them.

有些乐器有特定的名称，其后接-ist或-er时， 表示演奏的人：

► The violinist lifted his bow.

小提琴演奏者拿起琴弓。

► the South African drummer, Louis Moholo

南非鼓手路易斯•莫霍洛

Check near the entry for each instrument to find the correct word. If there is no special word, you use player after the name of the instrument.

在相关的乐器词条前后查找正确的词，如果没有 特定名称就在乐器名称后加player:

► the quartet’s vioto piayer四重奏的中提琴演奏者 When talking about pop or jazz, people often use player even when there is a word for the person like saxophonist or bassist.

涉及流行音乐或爵士乐时，即使有萨克斯管吹奏 者（saxophonist)或低音吉他手（bassist)等特定 名称，人们仍常用player:

► a briHicmt young sax pkiyer•才华横溢的青年萨 克斯管吹奏者

► We’re 〖oofcing/or a new basspZayer•我们在物色

新的低音吉他手。

In an orchestra playing classical music, principal, deputy principal {BrE), associate principal {NAmÉ) and assistant principal (NAmÊ)

are used with the names of instruments to describe a player’s position or importance.

在演奏古典f乐的管弦乐队中，首席演奏者 (principal)、副首席演奏者（deputy principal、 associate principal)和首席演奏助理（assistant principal)与乐器養称连用表7TT演奏喜的地位和 重要性：

► He became principal cellist within a few years.

他几年内就成为首席大提琴手。

A person who directs (or conducts) an orchestra is a conductor. The principal violinist (who leads the orchestra) is the leader (er£) or the concertmaster (NAmÈ).

指挥（conduct)管弦乐队知人称作conductor。 首席小提琴手（管弦乐队首席）称作leader或 concertmaster 〇